On January 8, 2018, USB-IF announced "Certified USB Fast Charger" logo for chargers that use "Programmable Power Supply" (PPS) protocol from the USB Power Delivery 3.0 specification. [70] The operation modes USB3.2Gen2×2 and USB4Gen2×2 – or: USB3.2Gen2×1 and USB4Gen2×1 – are not interchangeable or compatible; all participating controllers must operate with the same mode.

Because of the previous confusing naming schemes, USB-IF decided to change it once again. As of 2 September 2022, marketing names follow the syntax "USB xGbps", where x is the speed of transfer in Gb/s. [44] Overview of the updated names and logos can be seen in the adjacent table. A Micro USB or Micro-B connector (more properly referred to as a Micro-USB B, per official USB-IF recognition) is a smaller sized version of the USB Mini-b. Both are physically reduced models of Micro USB connector. Universal Phone Charger Standard Approved" (Press release). ITU. October 22, 2009. Archived from the original on March 27, 2010 . Retrieved May 22, 2023. As of 14June2007 [update], all new mobile phones applying for a license in China are required to use a USB port as a power port for battery charging. [83] [84] This was the first standard to use the convention of shorting D+ and D− in the charger. [85] OMTP/GSMA Universal Charging Solution [ edit ] A message pipe is bi-directional and is used for control transfers. Message pipes are typically used for short, simple commands to the device, and for status responses from the device, used, for example, by the bus control pipe number 0.The Micro plug design is rated for at least 10,000 connect-disconnect cycles, which is more than the Mini plug design. [13] [16] The Micro connector is also designed to reduce the mechanical wear on the device; instead, the easier-to-replace cable is designed to bear the mechanical wear of connection and disconnection. The Universal Serial Bus Micro-USB Cables and Connectors Specification details the mechanical characteristics of Micro-A plugs, Micro-AB receptacles (which accept both Micro-A and Micro-B plugs), Double-Sided Micro USB, and Micro-B plugs and receptacles, [16] along with a Standard-A receptacle to a Micro-A plug adapter. In September 2007, the Open Mobile Terminal Platform group (a forum of mobile network operators and manufacturers such as Nokia, Samsung, Motorola, Sony Ericsson, and LG) announced that its members had agreed on Micro-USB as the future common connector for mobile devices. [86] [87] Pros Seem to Outdo Cons in New Phone Charger Standard". News.com. September 20, 2007 . Retrieved November 26, 2007. Mini A/B - a versatile connector that can accept either mini A-type or mini B-type plugs and cables

The GSM Association (GSMA) followed suit on February 17, 2009, [88] [89] [90] [91] and on April 22, 2009, this was further endorsed by the CTIA – The Wireless Association, [92] with the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) announcing on October 22, 2009, that it had also embraced the Universal Charging Solution as its "energy-efficient one-charger-fits-all new mobile phone solution," and added: "Based on the Micro-USB interface, UCS chargers will also include a 4-star or higher efficiency rating—up to three times more energy-efficient than an unrated charger." [93] EU smartphone power supply standard [ edit ] Upstream USB connectors supply power at a nominal 5 V DC via the V_BUS pin to downstream USB devices.The most popular and common USB port type today is probably the USB Type-A, also known as Standard-A. USB A connections will be very familiar to most PC or laptop users as a rectangular slot of about 14mm wide by 6mm high. The USB standard also provides multiple benefits for hardware manufacturers and software developers, specifically in the relative ease of implementation:

UART and RS-232 serial adapter, modem, Wi-Fi adapter, Ethernet adapter. Used together with class 0Ah (CDC-Data) below USB Power Delivery — Introduction" (PDF). July 16, 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 23, 2013 . Retrieved January 6, 2013.Universal Serial Bus ( USB) is an industry standard that allows data exchange and delivery of power between many various types of electronics. It specifies its architecture, in particular its the physical interface, and communication protocols for data transfer and power delivery to and from hosts, such as personal computers, to and from peripheral devices, e.g. displays, keyboards, and mass storage devices, and to and from intermediate hubs, which multiply the number of a host's ports. [2] USB was originally designed to standardize the connection of peripherals to computers, replacing various interfaces such as serial ports, parallel ports, game ports, and ADB ports, [3] and prior versions of USB became commonplace on a wide range of devices, such as keyboards, mice, cameras, printers, scanners, flash drives, smartphones, game consoles, and power banks. [4] [5] It has evolved into a standard to replace virtually all common ports on computers, mobile devices, peripherals, power supplies, and manifold other small electronics. In the current standard the USB-C connector replaces the many various connectors for power (up to 240W), displays (e.g. DisplayPort, HDMI), and many other uses, as well as all previous USB connectors. Universal Serial Bus Type-C Cable and Connector Specification, Release 2.2. USB Implementers Forum (Technical report). USB 3.0 Promoter Group. October 2022 . Retrieved April 12, 2023. How fast can a fast-charging phone charge if a fast-charging phone can charge really fast?". CNet . Retrieved December 4, 2016. The Universal Serial Bus was developed to simplify and improve the interface between personal computers and peripheral devices, such as cell phones, computer accessories, and monitors, when compared with previously existing standard or ad hoc proprietary interfaces. [12] Unlike other data buses (such as Ethernet), USB connections are directed; a host device has "downstream" facing ports that connect to the "upstream" facing ports of devices. Only downstream facing ports provide power; this topology was chosen to easily prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment. Thus, USB cables have different ends: A and B, with different physical connectors for each. Each format has a plug and receptacle defined for each of the A and B ends. A USB cable, by definition, has a plug on each end—one A (or C) and one B (or C)—and the corresponding receptacle is usually on a computer or electronic device. The mini and micro formats may connect to an AB receptacle, which accepts either an A or a B plug, that plug determining the behavior of the receptacle.

Connector properties [ edit ] Non-standard "USB extension cable", plug on the left, receptacle on the right. (USB does not allow extension cables. Non-standard cables may work but cannot be presumed reliable.) Low-power and high-power devices remain operational with this standard, but devices using SuperSpeed can take advantage of increased available current of between 150mA and 900mA, respectively. [30] :9–9 Two USB3.0 Standard-A receptacles (left) and two USB2.0 Standard-A receptacles (right) on a computer's front panel

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Per the base specification, any device attached to a standard downstream port (SDP) must initially be a low-power device, with high-power mode contingent on later USB configuration by the host. Charging ports, however, can immediately supply between 0.5 and 1.5A of current. The charging port must not apply current limiting below 0.5A, and must not shut down below 1.5A or before the voltage drops to 2V. [50]